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Consensus
Design
Socially inclusive process
Christopher Day
with
Rosie Parnell
Architectural Press
OXFORD AMSTERDAM BOSTON LONDON NEW YORK PARIS
SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO SINGAPORE SYDNEY TOKYO
Architectural Press
An imprint of Elsevier Science
Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP
200 Wheeler Road, Burlington MA 01803
First published 2003
Copyright © 2003, Christopher Day and Rosie Parnell. All rights reserved
The right of Christopher Day and Rosie Parnell to be identified as the authors of
this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents
Act 1988
No part of this publication may be reproduced in any material form (including photocopying or
storing in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some
other use of this publication) without the written permission of the copyright holder except in
accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms
of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London,
England W1T 4LP. Applications for the copyright holder’s written permission to reproduce any part
of this publication should be addressed to the publisher
Disclaimer
The information and statements herein are believed to be reliable, but
are not to be construed as a warranty or representation for which the authors or
publisher assume legal responsibility. Users should undertake sufficient verification
and testing to determine the suitability for their own particular purpose of any
information or products referred to herein. No warranty of fitness for a particular
purpose is made
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress
ISBN 0 7506 5605 0
For information on all Architectural Press publications
visit our website at www.architecturalpress.com
Produced by Gray Publishing, Tunbridge Wells, Kent
Printed and bound in Great Britain by MPG Books, Bodmin, Cornwall
Contents
Foreword by HRH The Prince of Wales
vii
Preface: Consensus Design in context by Rosie Parnell
ix
Acknowledgements
xviii
PART ONE: INTRODUCTION
1
1 Architecture as a social art: a journey
3
PART TWO: CONSENSUS DESIGN: WHY?
7
2 Why: community design and place
9
What shapes places?
9
Design by the community: why?
10
What design involvement does for the community
11
3 Why not: shouldn’t professionals lead design?
16
4 Consensus versus democracy
19
5 Community & players
24
Surviving change
24
Community and non-community
25
Players
27
Players, community and non-community
28
6 Design process for sustainability
30
Proprietary stewardship
31
Development within time-continuum
32
Elemental sustainabilities
33
PART THREE: CONSENSUS DESIGN: HOW?
35
7 The principles behind the process
37
Ideas and aspirations
37
Spirit-of-place
40
Science and art: understanding and creating
42
Levels of place
:
beneath the surface
45
iv
Contents
8 How in practice: place-study
50
Place and project
50
Working with place
51
Processes of change: visible and invisible
52
Place-study
54
9 How in practice: outline design
66
Matching project to place
66
Spirit-of-project
67
Mood of place
69
Time and life related
71
Physical
72
Growing places
76
10 How in practice: consensual building design
81
Building and place
81
Rough design
81
Moving into three dimensions
82
Organizing diagrams
85
Detail design
85
PART FOUR: PROCESS DEVELOPMENT: TWO PROJECTS 89
11 From experimental method to built project:
Goethean Science Centre, Scotland
91
Two stages: one process
91
Reflections
102
12 Socially shaped process: eco-village, Sweden
103
Reflections
108
PART FIVE: MAKING IT WORK
109
13 Leadership and teamship
111
Leadership: a new model
111
Knowledge: power or fertilizing enabler
113
14 Social Technique
116
Social technique with unequal groups
116
Group process
116
Confirming decisions
121
Recapitulation: anchoring where we’ve got to
122
15 Technique and non-technique
123
Dead technique, live technique
123
The demands of circumstance
124
Thinking the process versus doing the process
128
Taking time
128
Understanding behind doing
129
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